When light passes through an object, it slows down a little. It also bends, or changes direction. When light bends we call this refraction.
A straw in a glass of water appears to be broken because of refraction. I looks like the pencil is broken because the light bouncing of the pencil refracts, or bends as it goes in to the water.
We also had fun playing with lenses.
A convex lens is shaped like this.
A concave lens is shaped like this.
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